What is LTV (Lifetime Value)?
LTV is the revenue (or margin) you expect to earn from a customer over their relationship with your brand. It guides how much you can spend to acquire and retain customers. LTV helps set channel budgets, evaluate payback periods, and prioritize retention programs. Teams often track LTV by cohort and acquisition source to identify the best customers.
Understanding LTV
LTV depends on repeat purchase rate, AOV, and gross margin. Retention tactics (email/SMS, subscriptions) raise LTV and let you scale CAC. Consider churn risk, discount strategy, and product mix—each influences lifetime economics. For subscription and replenishment models, early onboarding strongly predicts LTV.
Why LTV matters
LTV matters because it anchors sustainable growth decisions and protects cash flow. With reliable LTV, you can set CAC and ROAS targets confidently and avoid over‑spending on low‑value segments.
- Budgeting: Sets sustainable CAC/POAS targets.
- Strategy: Prioritizes retention and upsell programs.
- Valuation: Influences business planning and cash needs.
How to estimate LTV
- Cohort methods (historic AOV × orders × margin).
- Predictive models for early read on new cohorts.
- Always pair LTV with payback windows.
In practice, start with a simple historic cohort model, then layer in predictive signals (product type, first‑order value, time‑to‑second‑order). Track LTV by channel and creative to spot high‑value acquisition patterns. Revisit assumptions quarterly as pricing, margins, and retention tactics evolve.
Key Takeaways
- LTV (lifetime value) estimates total revenue a customer generates over their relationship with your brand.
- Use LTV to set sustainable CAC targets, inform budget allocation, and prioritize high-value segments.
- Calculate LTV by multiplying average order value × purchase frequency × customer lifespan.
- Track LTV by acquisition channel and cohort to identify efficient long-term growth paths.
